Web App Testing with Playwright

Setup

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bash
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npm init playwright@latest

Basic Test Structure

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typescript
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import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test('homepage has title', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('http://localhost:3000');
  await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/My App/);
});

test('can navigate to about page', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('http://localhost:3000');
  await page.click('text=About');
  await expect(page).toHaveURL(/.*about/);
});

Common Actions

Navigation

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typescript
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await page.goto('http://localhost:3000');
await page.goBack();
await page.reload();

Clicking

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typescript
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await page.click('button');
await page.click('text=Submit');
await page.click('#submit-btn');
await page.click('[data-testid="submit"]');

Form Input

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typescript
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await page.fill('input[name="email"]', 'test@example.com');
await page.fill('#password', 'secret123');
await page.selectOption('select#country', 'USA');
await page.check('input[type="checkbox"]');

Waiting

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typescript
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await page.waitForSelector('.loaded');
await page.waitForURL('**/dashboard');
await page.waitForResponse('**/api/data');
await page.waitForTimeout(1000); // Avoid if possible

Assertions

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typescript
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await expect(page.locator('h1')).toHaveText('Welcome');
await expect(page.locator('.items')).toHaveCount(5);
await expect(page.locator('button')).toBeEnabled();
await expect(page.locator('.modal')).toBeVisible();
await expect(page.locator('input')).toHaveValue('test');

Screenshots

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typescript
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// Full page
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png', fullPage: true });

// Element only
await page.locator('.chart').screenshot({ path: 'chart.png' });

Console Logs

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typescript
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page.on('console', msg => console.log(msg.text()));
page.on('pageerror', err => console.error(err.message));

Network Interception

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typescript
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await page.route('**/api/data', route => {
  route.fulfill({
    status: 200,
    body: JSON.stringify({ items: [] })
  });
});

Running Tests

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bash
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# Run all tests
npx playwright test

# Run specific file
npx playwright test tests/login.spec.ts

# Run in headed mode
npx playwright test --headed

# Run with UI
npx playwright test --ui